Th e article discusses non-suicidal self-harming behavior (NSPP) in adolescents, which is currently a widespread problem both in the Russian Federation and around the world. Th e main types and forms of NSPP, the causes and mechanisms of occurrence, the diff erence from other forms of self-destructive behavior are considered.

Central hypogonadism (CH) is a rare endocrine disorder caused by the disfunction of production, secretion and/or biological action of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), which is the main hormonal regulator of hypothalamo-pituitarygonadal axis in human. Female CH is important medical and social concern due to large amount of infertile couples. Etiological structure of this condition is heterogeneous and diff ers between congenital and acquired forms. Congenital forms have a genetic predisposition: currently about 50 genes associated with CH have been found. However, genetic basis can be identifi ed just in half of CH cases. Speaking about acquired forms of CH, important to pay attention on hypothalamo-pituitary area condition. In case of intact state the functional form of CH can be diagnosed, the presence of structural disorders in this area speaks in favor of the organic cause of CH. In this review are summarized current knowledge in the fi eld of etiology and pathogenesis of female central hypogonadism.

A brief literature review of modern scientifi c data on the biology of the most malignant neuroepithelial tumors — glioblastomas of the central nervous system is presented. Th e article discusses the issues of epidemiology, classifi cation, molecular genetic and radiological diagnostics, as well as the complex treatment of this type of tumor in adult (> 20 years old) patients. Genetic and biochemical factors of glioblastoma development are described in detail, the main prognostic criteria for the eff ectiveness of chemotherapy are presented. Th e article concludes with an overview of the main trends in the development of experimental treatment methods.

Objective: to compare the forms and clinical course of primary hypeparathyroidism in hospitalized patients over a ten-year period, with patients identified by a routine analysis of blood calcium in Arkhangelsk region.

Material and methods: At the first stage, a retrospective analysis of 48 case histories of patients who received inpatient treatment for PHPT in two multidisciplinary hospitals in Arkhangelsk from 2005 to 2015 was carried out. At the second stage, a screening of blood calcium was performed in patients of large outpatient clinic in Arkhangelsk from March 1 to March 31, 2015, as a result of which 21 cases of the first established PHPT were detected. A comparative analysis of the clinical course was carried out in two groups of patients with PHPT compared with the control group.

Results: patients with PHPT detected during screening showed a higher incidence of mild forms of the disease (38 %), a higher level of bone mineral density in all parts of the skeleton according to dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and a lower incidence of nephrolithiasis (24 % vs. 69 %) compared with hospitalized patients, among which the manifest forms of the disease prevailed (88 %), fibrocystic osteitis was detected in 44 % of cases, and coral nephrolithiasis - in 10% of cases.

Conclusion: a routine study of blood calcium levels helps to identify primary hyperparathyroidism at earlier stages to prevent the development of severe complications and invalidisation of patients. 

Objective: to analyze the course of pregnancy, childbirth and indications for mediolateral episiotomy in 439 women.

Materials and methods: the comparative analysis of outcomes of Rostov-on-Don in two clinical groups on materials of maternity Department of the state hospital of emergency medical care No. 1 of the city of Rostov-on-Don was carried out. The  first group consisted of 439 women who are in childbirth according to the testimony was made episiotomy. Th e second clinical group consisted of 128 women who had no episiotomy if indicated.

Results: the main indications for episiotomy in the fi rst clinical group was: threatened rupture of the perineum in 376 (85,65 %) cases, 41 (9,34 %) v distress of the fetus, at 22 (5,01 %) cases — the weakness of the attempts. In 128 women of the second clinical group, in the absence of an episiotomy, although indications for this operation were, there was a rupture of the perineum of the first and second degree.

Conclusions: at the signs of a threatening rupture of the perineum or at the clinic of fetal hypoxia in the second period of labor, the mediolateral episiotomy is justified in modern obstetrics. 

Objective: to study the structural transformations of the architectonics of intra-organ renal arterial vessels in the age aspect.

Materials and methods: 150 kidneys of people of diff erent age who died from the reasons which are not connected with diseases of cardiovascular and urinary systems are investigated. The studies were carried out using a set of methods: angiographic, macromicroscopic and morphometry.

Results: with increasing age, a decrease in the number of vascular glomeruli in the kidney, the proportion of glomerular mass in the cortical substance of the kidney was found. In old age and in centenarians, a rare capillary network in the cortical substance of the kidney, tortuosity, narrowing and expansion of direct arterioles and capillaries in the cerebral substance was revealed. In old age and in centenarians, compared with adolescence, the relative content of arterial vessels in the cortical substance decreases by 6 times, in the juxtamedullary zone — by 4 and in the cortical substance — by 2 times.

Conclusions: the large diameters of the juxtamedullary glomeruli and a large index of the relative content of arterial vessels in the juxtamedullary zone create prerequisites for possible juxtamedullary shunting with urgent adaptation in the norm. The decrease in these indicators in old age, the elderly and centenarians, obviously, explains the age-related decline in the adaptive capacity of the arterial bed of the kidneys. With increasing age, the range of adaptive capabilities of the renal vascular bed of aging people decreases compared to those of mature age. 

Objective: proteomic analysis of blood serum of children with bronchial asthma with a history of indication of the pathology of the perinatal period.

Materials and methods: a comprehensive examination of children suffering from asthma and patients of the control group using proteomic analysis of blood serum was carried out. Proteomic analysis of blood serum was performed using two-dimensional high-resolution gel electrophoresis followed by staining of gels with fl uorescent dye and time-of-fl ight MALDI mass spectrometry. The proteins were identifi ed using Mascot MS peptide fi ngerprint analysis algorithm and Swiss-Prot protein database.

Results: comparative analysis of the proteomic profi le of blood serum of children with pathology of the central nervous system in the perinatal period and developed in the subsequent bronchial asthma and control group patients allowed to establish that number proteins products were reduced in this disease. The proteins in the molecular mass range 16-33 kDa (p<0.05) were identifi ed: glutathione peroxidase 3, transthyretin and system components compliment С4В and C3.

Conclusion: modifi cation of the production of these proteins indicates the presence of damage at the molecular level, leading to metabolic and functional disorders in the body of a patient with asthma having a history of indicating the pathology of the perinatal period. 

Objective: to study the state of adaptive immunity in children with moderate acute urticaria.

Materials and methods: 139 children with moderate acute urticaria were examined. Clinical methods included analysis of anamnestic data, objective examination of the child. Immunological methods of investigation included determination of t-lymphocyte, B-lymphocyte populations by fl ow cytofl uorometry, circulating immune complexes by spectroturbidimetry, determination of secretory IgA, IgA, IgM, IgG, IL-4, IL-6, IL-17 by enzyme immunoassay of blood serum.

Results: the analysis of adaptive immunity parameters in children with moderate acute urticaria revealed activation of humoral immunity, reduction of early activation and apoptotic readiness of lymphocytes, reduction of secretory IgA, increase in circulating immune complexes, high levels of IL-17.

Conclusion: the revealed changes indicate an imbalance in the functioning of the adaptive link of the immune system, activation of the cytokine cascade of infl ammation, which is accompanied by further activation of the regulatory components of the infl ammatory process

Objective: to study the functional characteristics of innate immunity in the formation of postpericardial syndrome (PPS) in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft ing (CABG).

Materials and methods: the study involved 60 people, 40 of them made up the main group of patients with coronary artery disease, which retrospectively aft er 1 month of observation was divided into 2 groups. Group I CABG and PPS, group II CABG without PPS. The control group consisted of 20 patients without IHD. Before surgery, aft er 5, 14 days and 1 month, the expression of toll-like receptors (TLRs) 2, 4, 9, the content of CD16+ and Granzyme B lymphocytes, the HCT test and serum α-defensin were evaluated in blood cells. Statistical analysis of the results of the study was carried out using the program Statistica 12.0 (StatSoft , USA). The difference in mean values between groups was evaluated by the Mann-Whitney test. Statistical signifi cance was considered signifi cant at p ≤ 0.05.

Results: when comparing the initial indices of the main groups and the control group, an increase in the expression of TLRs 2, 4, 9 was revealed. An increase in the content of CD16+, as well as an increase in the cytotoxic activity of natural killers and an increase in the production of α-defensin.

Conclusions: on the basis of the study, activation of the cellular link of innate immunity, an increase in the cytotoxic potential of natural killers and a signifi cantly high level of α-defensin both before and aft er CABG were revealed, which can play an important role in the development of PPS. 

Purpose: to study the actual nutrition and to prove measures for its optimization at the disabled children of middle school age living in residential school of 8th type.

Materials and methods: 29 pupils of residential school of the 8th type at the age of 12-13 years are examined. Calculations of the chemical composition and energy value of diets ware made with use of the program of the analysis of a condition of food of the person, version 1.2.4 registered by the Russian Agency of Patents and Trademarks 09.02.2004 No. 2 004 610 397 of Federal State Budgetary Institution Scientifi c Research Institute of Food of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences. Th e statistical analysis of data was carried out by means of the Statistica 6.0 program.

Results: among children with day stay in school (the 1st group) persons with defi ciencies of consumption of energy and the main nutrients meet considerably more oft en (from 50.0% to 90.0%), than among peers of the 2nd group (round-the-clock stay in school) (from 0.0% to 26.3%). At boys of the 1st group the trend of relative defi ciency in a diet on energy, protein, fats and carbohydrates is revealed (from 10.3% to 28.8%), and at girls relative defi ciency of energy, protein and carbohydrates was noted (from 5.6% to 26.3%; on fats – excess for 21.4%). On the contrary, at boys of the 2nd group the excess on energy and, especially, fats (for 46.2%) was noted and at girls the excess on indicators of energy, protein, fats and carbohydrates was observed (from 23.4% to 88.3%).

Conclusion: the revealed violations defi ned the list of measures for optimization of food of children who have to be realized within sanitary and educational work with parents. 

Objective: to establish reference serum magnesium intervals in healthy individuals, residing in Astrakhan.

Materials and methods: the investigated group was formed from 120 men and 120 women healthy residents of Astrakhan aged from 21 to 50 years (average age 37,6 ± 0,9). Th e study of calcium was carried out on an automatic biochemical analyzer “Cobas 311 c” (Roche Diagnostic, Germany) by photometric method.

Results: the reference intervals for the magnesium in healthy men and women aged from 21 to 50 years, residing in Astrakhan is 0,72 – 0,99 mmol/L.

Conclusion: the reference range of total magnesium, established by us, can be used in laboratories of Astrakhan, as it was developed taking into account domestic and foreign recommendations for selection donors for research and ensuring the quality of laboratory research at all stages. 

Purpose: to conduct an epidemiological analysis of the Lyme borreliosis incidence in Rostov region to determine the modern nosoareal and to identify the characteristics of the epidemic process in clinical practice.

Materials and methods: the analysis of incidence was performed according to the data provided by the Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in Rostov Region with the use of the traditional methods of retrospective and operational analysis. For data processing we used generally accepted methods of variational statistics.

Results: the level and the long-term dynamics of incidence of Lyme borreliosis (LB) in Rostov region during the period from 2012 to 2018 have been analyzed. It was determinated that human infection occurs in natural, mixed and anthropurgic foci, with an obvious seasonal character - increasing in May-July. The most affected is working-age population from urban areas. The illness is flowing in erythemal form of moderate severity. We have determined that the modern nosoareal consists of 22 administrative territories of the region.

Conclusion: The obtained data indicate relevance and necessity for proper clinical and epidemiological researches in the study of Lyme borreliosis in Rostov region. 

A clinical observation of a patient presented with a typical clinic of rheumatic polymyalgia (RPM), which was a manifestation of myeloma. The relationship between rheumatic polymyalgia and giant cell arteritis (GCA) is well known, but association of RPM with lymphoproliferative diseases is rarely reported. In this case there was a clinical improvement in the patient’s condition aft er chemotherapy treatment.

Clinical observation of a premature newborn patient with an edematous form of the Hemolytic Disease is presented. A feature of this case is its relative rarity in view of the favorable outcome of the most severe form of hemolytic disease in an extremely severe initial condition of the fetus.

It is reported on the creative path of Professor Ivan Ivanovich Pototsky, who for a long time (from 1939 to 1974) headed the departments of dermatology of the Khabarovsk, Kuban, Kiev GIDUV and Kiev medical institutes and created a scientifi c school of dermatovenerologists (48 Ph.D. and doctoral dissertations), which prepared for Rostov Medical University 2 Heads of the department.