Basing on the opinion of some foreign researchers and clinicians, we can state that the early prophylaxis of cerebrovascular incidents plays an essential role. We have also come to a conclusion that in preventive anti-stroke programs, especially for elderly people, systemic influences should prevail.

The necessity of study of Parkinson’s disease (PD) is caused by the increasing number of elderly people in the modern population in developed countries, and, as a result, growing of prevalence number.In clinical practice high percentage of hypodiagnosis of PD. Diagnostic of PD – particularly in its early stages, knowledge of the diagnostic criteria, modern neurovisualisation methods, allowed to differentiate PD with parkinsonism and to make accurate diagnose and to administrate correct treatment.

In a review article summarizes the role of polymorphisms in genes etiopathogenetic schizophrenia. A convincing relationship of polymorphic variants 5-HTR2A gene and gene DRD2 with clinical heterogeneity of schizophrenia.Found that genotype A2A2 in case 5-HTR2A gene and genotype of the DRD2 gene to A2A2, and their combination is significantly more common in patients with the chronic form of schizophrenia characterized by a significant degree of negative symptoms, formerly home and hereditary burdenedness on schizophrenia. Is set to increase in relative risk for schizophrenia different severity in the presence of genotype 5-HTR2A A2A2 compared to genotype A1A1.In addition, a relationship of genotype 5-HTR2A A2A2 family form of schizophrenia. An association of DD genotype and allele D angiotenzin converting enzyme gene with schizophrenia in men. This tended to increase the frequency of the genotype (DD) in patients with schizophrenia with duration of more than 15 years. Thus, topical is the study of genetic markers of risk for schizophrenia and their use of multivariate analysis of the etiopathogenesis of the disease.

The review presents an analysis of experimental and clinical studies on the neuroprotective properties of erythropoietin. The suggestion about possible participation of deficiency of erythropoietin in the development of cerebral disorders in patients with chronic renal failure. The possibility of clinical use of drugs recombinant erythropoietin to protect the brain, presents the main currently known mechanisms for the implementation of its neuroprotective potential, not connected with the influence on erythropoiesis. Stressed the need for early преддиализного monitoring functions of the сentral nervous system in nephrological patients with the purpose of timely correction of the revealed violations. Identified promising therapeutic directions for the use of erythropoietin in patients with chronic renal failure, in particular, the feasibility of early administration of small doses of the drug to prevent brain damage.

We present new data on the on the microbial composition and properties of probiotic kefir fungi fermented milk drink kefir, namely antikancerogenik, antimutagenic, antigenotoxic and radio-protecting, antioxidant, antihypertensive, hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, in wound healing, antimicrobial, and preventable and antiallergic biological effects.

The literature data on the impact of chronical pyelonephritis on the reproductive health of adolescent girls are presented. It is shown that on the background of chronical kidney disease have different reproductive disorders and inflammatory gynecological diseases. In chronic pyelonephritis identify breaches of the vegetative, hormonal status and adaptation. Insufficiently studied pathogenic mechanisms associated with the development of ovarian hyperandrogyny being genesis in chronical pyelonephritis. Solution to this problem lies in the basis of the system approach to the treatment of reproductive disorders in adolescent girls with chronical pyelonephritis.

It is known that as long as antinociceptive system functions adequately pain can develop as a component of different injuries. One of the most important mechanisms of antinociception – humoral that means production of substances that block pain transmission and formation of pain feeling. Humoral mechanism includes: opioid, monoaminergic (norepinephrine, dopamine, serotonin), cholinergic, GABAergic, cannabinoid and orexin systems. Inflow of pain impulses induces production and excretion of different chemical substances which forms analgesia in different levels of pain system.

Rhinogenic headache is a term that has been used in a variety of ways in the medical literature. The recent studies showed that sinus headache complaints are likely to represent migraine and seldom represent a sinus infection. The International Classification of Headache Disorders (2013) by the International Headache Society includes a category of secondary headaches, which, in turn, includes headache attributed to acute rhinosinusitis, with the stipulation that other signs and symptoms of acute sinusitis are present. Chronic rhinosinusitis is also supported as a cause of headache. Mucosal contact point as a source of headache remains contentious. The most constant symptom of rhinosinusitis is facial pain.

Purpose: To research the adaptive capabilities of the female body after medical abortion.
Materials and methods: 130 patients which had terminated the unwanted pregnancy by medical abortion were examined during the research. Hormonal and regulatory-adaptive status in postabortion period were evaluated. Analysis of the data was carried out taking into account the initial cycle time 23-25 days (the abortion took place at the 1 phase of cycle) and 26-32 days (the abortion took place at the 2nd phase of cycle)
Results: Revealed that medical abortion provokes hormonal imbalance in the reproductive system and leads to a significant decrease in the regulatory and adaptive status, especially in patients with «short» menstrual cycles., when the abortion falls on 2 phase of the menstrual cycle. In all patients, the regulatory and adaptive status was significantly reduced. Moreover, in patients with an initial cycle time 23-25 days the reduction was significantly greater than in patients with an initial cycle of 26-32 days.
Summary: Revealed that medical abortion provokes hormonal imbalance in the reproductive system and leads to a significant decrease in the regulatory and adaptive status, especially in patients with baseline menstrual cycles 23-25 days, when the abortion falls on 2 phase of the menstrual cycle.

Purpose: The study clinic classic trigeminal neuralgia (TN) in age aspect, and in connection with the transferred destructive interference and development of therapeutic algorithm.
Material and methods: Studied clinical features classic TN in 210 patients, which was performed microvascular decompression root of the trigeminal nerve, among them 37 patients with recurrent disease after destructive interventions.
Results and summary: The classical TN occurs in persons of working age, while the peak of use for specialized assistance falls on the age more 60. In patients with destructive interventions clinical manifestations of relapse TN combined with heavy deafferentation syndrome caused destructive intervetion. The algorithm of treatment classic TN, consisting of three stages: a) conservative therapy, according to the developed by the author of the method (patent №2438657); b) microvascular decompression root of the trigeminal nerve; c) if microvascular decompression is unsuccessful, destructive intervention may be done, mainly in people of old age.

Purpose: to determine the amount of medium mass molecules (MMM) in the blood of rats, weaned receiving rations of meat and fat pigs, grown with the use of complex antibacterial drugs (Tylosin, Olaquindox and Zinkbazitrazin).
Materials and Methods: this investigation was conducted during 30 days on 48 weaned rats. The level of MMM was determined spectrophotometrically at a wavelength (λ) 254 and 280 nm.
Results: it was revealed that the MMM level was higher in animals received given in the diet of swine meat and fat in their ration grown with the use of antibacterial drugs than in control group. The lowering of MMM coefficient with the introduction of pigs fat in the diet of rats is evidenced about the homeostasis system strain.
Summary: determination of the level of MMM in the blood serum is effective method of assessing in the food staffs safety.

Purpose: To research of spectrum of agents and their biological characteristics in chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM).
Materials and Methods: Вacterial and fungous flora in the middle ear of 102 patients aged from 20 to 70 years with CSOM were studied by microbiological and genetic (PCR) methods. To determine adhesive activity of agents was used rapid method Brilis V.М. and antilysozyme activity – method Bukharin O.V.
Results: The majority of cases of CSOM were caused by different species of staphylococci with prevalence S.aureus, S.epidermidis. Mycoplasms, mould and yeast-like fungi took up the second position among the pathogens. Non-clostridial anaerobes and chlamidiae were occurred less frequently. In most cases (>90%) agents of CSOM were possessed of adhesive and antilysozyme activities. Among them more 70% strains had the high and middle level of expression of these signs.
Summary: Traditional microbiological method of diagnostics is not an informative, because it leave out of account the role mycoplasms, chlamidiae and non-clostridial anaerobes in forming of disease. Main strains of agents of CSOM are possessed of significant adhesive and antilysozyme activities. These signs influence on gravity and duration of course of disease.

Purpose: To clarify the number of traffic accidents on the federal highway M-4 «Don» in the Rostov region and to justify the necessity of principal approach to the solution of medical care problems to the victims on the highway.
Materials and methods: The analysis of traffic accidents on the federal highway M-4 «Don» from 2007 to 2012 was carried out; the results of the regional law action “Improving of traffic safety on the Rostov region” from 11.01.2007 № 609 and the basic indices of Rostov region medical institutions activity according to the realization of measures aimed at the organization of medical care for victims on the highway were analyzed.
Results: the positive dynamics by the main indices of medical care organization, reducing of the death-roll at the pre-hospital stage and during the transport by ambulances and reducing the number of deaths in traumatology centers were noted.

Summary: being equipped with modern medical transports, modern medical X-ray equipments, the availability of experienced medical personnel and an efficient interaction of all levels traumatology centers the hospitals can improve the quality of medical care to the victims on the highway.

Purpose: to evaluate the efficiency of use of protected aminopenicillins on the example of sultamicillin in the treatment of patients with combined paranasal sinusitis.
Materials and methods: on-investigated 48 patients with sinusitis, light and medium severity. Antibacterial therapy sultamicillin (ampicid) spent 10 days of oral 750 mg/day. The local impact excluded puncture of maxillary sinuses. The efficiency of treatment was evaluated by clinical signs on 1, 4 and 10 days of observation.
Results: the combined defeat of the paranasal sinuses diagnosed in 56.2% of cases; the effectiveness of treatment of acute sinusitis using sultamicilin to 10 days of observation was 89.6%.
Summary: empiric antibiotic therapy of patients with acute sinusitis with mild and moderate over appropriate designation of protected aminopenicillins: sultamicillin - effective and safe.

Purpose: To study the effect of balm for oily skin and body «Aysida» in the treatment mikozovu elderly.
Materials and Methods: We observed 60 patients with mycosis stop between the ages of 60 to 78 years (49 women and 11 men). Disease duration ranged from 1 year to 3.5 years. Patients observed by blind samples were classified into two groups of 30 people. All patients received conventional systemic therapy. Group 1 patients received systemic therapy and external specific therapy (terbinafine cream topically 2 p / day). As an added emollients officinal ointment dexpantenol 2 p / day. Patients 2 groups to the system and the external specific therapy added medical cosmetic series Aysida «- a balm for oily skin and body. Treatment efficacy was assessed clinically and by means of microscopic research method.
Results: Group 1 patients expressed therapeutic effect was observed in 69% after 10 days of starting treatment. In group 2 the efficiency was 82%. In patients 2 groups, along with a more pronounced positive dynamics, showed a significant decrease feelings of tightness, dryness and discomfort, peeling termination from the first week of treatment. Clinical manifestations completely resolved by day 14 of therapy, microscopic fungi were not detected in all patients on day 21 of treatment.

Summary: there was a high therapeutic efficacy and good cosmetic effect cosmetic balm «Aysida» for problem skin and body in the complex therapy of fungal infections on background xerosis in the elderly.

Purpose: Assessment of the effectiveness of the COBS, training in patients after stroke with mild, moderate motor impairment and diskoordinatornyc disorders.
Materials and Methods: The studies included patients in recovery and residual periods of ischemic stroke with mild or moderate paresis and diskoordinatornyc disorders (mean age 62, 4 ± 0,7 years) 25 patients in the intervention group and 26- in control. The measurement of performance indicators (pressure on the foot platform, the index of coordination and symmetry index) was carried out 2 times - up to a training cycle and beyond. Figures recorded in the individual protocol and allow to objectively evaluate the effectiveness of training.
Results: After a restorative treatment for patients of the main group in the early and late recovery periods compared with the control was significantly (p <0.05) better on the scales of the dynamics of Barthel, NIHSS, Tinetti (P <0.01).
Summary: In this case the best results were observed in patients with the main group in the early recovery period. The data obtained for the main group are comparable with the results of measurements on the platform of the COBS. It is concluded that robotic training on the platform of the COBS allows you to effectively.

Purpose: comparative evaluation of parameters of quality of life of patients with hypertension complicated by the development of stroke and their dynamics hypotensive therapy.
Materials and methods: 49 patients divided into two groups. Study group comprised 24 patients (8 women and 16 men) suffering from hypertension complicated by cerebral stroke. The comparison group included 25 patients (13 women and 12 men) with hypertension duration of 10,8 ± 1,6 years. To assess the quality of life used SF-36 questionnaire. Levels of anxiety and depression were assessed by scales Spielberg - Hanin and Beck. Types of attitude towards the disease diagnosed using methods TOBOL.
Results: the study of emotional status before treatment showed an increase of the level of anxiety, the presence of depression, reduced quality of life in all respects the SF-36.
Summary: On a background of antihypertensive therapy with the achievement of target BP levels in both groups were recorded improved quality of life, psycho-emotional state, established highly adaptive form of relationship to the disease.

Purpose. To evaluate the influence of diacamph hydrochloride and bemithylum on carbohydrate and energy metabolism, as well as pro-antioxidant balance in normoglycaemic rats and on the model of diabetes mellitus.

Materials and methods. Diacamph hydrochloride (25 mg/kg i.p.) and bemithylum (50 mg/kg i.p.) experimental therapy in normoglycaemic rats and ones with diabetes mellitus model under the conditions of immobilization during two weeks.
Results. In chronic immobilization stress, especially against the background of alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus there were pathological changes as follows: significant decrease of glycogen level in internal organs, appearance of lactate-acidosis, depletion of ATP pool, oxidative stress activation against the background of antioxidant protection exhaustion. Both diacamhp hydrochloride and bemithylum eliminated these impairments, diacamph hydrochloride was more effective in diabetes mellitus at that.
Summary. In chronic immobilization stress in normoglycaemic animals the diacamph hydrochloride and bemithylum exert comparable normalizing effect on carbohydrate and energy metabolism, as well as pro-antioxidant balance. Under the conditions of diabetes mellitus diacamph hydrochloride provides more marked effect than bemithylum.

Purpose: Prevalence of traumatism of child’s population is studied in the settlements of the Lugansk region with a different ecological situation.
Materials and methods. Assessing the prevalence of traumatism in children 0-14 years and teenagers aged 15-17 years for long period is performed based on statistical data analysis yearbooks prepared of Lugansk Regional Focal Point for Health and the Focal Point of the Lugansk Regional Children’s Hospital.
Results and summary. In industrial cities as compared to the rural settlements of area more high level of prevalence of traumas is marked for certain, poisonings and some other consequences of action of external reasons among children and teenagers, that is the result of the combined affecting their organism of technogenic and social environments of vital functions. By reasons child’s population have 90% traumas domestic terms and factors of street. Prevention recommendations are developed.

Purpose: To determine the efficacy of balloon angioplasty with long (80-210 mm) and short (less than 60mm) balloons in group of patients with critical limb ischemia.
Materials and Methods: Short-term results of balloon angioplasty of 130 patients was analyzed. All patients was divided into two groups: the first group of 63 patients was operated by using short balloon catheters, the second group of 67 patients – by using long balloon catheters. Both groups was comparable on volume and characteristics of atherosclerosis process.
Results: A technically successful angioplasty in first group was achieved in 69% of patients, by the side of second group there success was achieved in 97% of patients.
Summary: PTA of the crural arteries might be considered the primary choice of treatment in patients with critical limb ischemia, and the most effective technic is using along balloon catheters.

Purpose: to study the nephroprotective action of liposomal essential phospholipids on the model of endothelial dysfunction (experimental gestosis) in pregnant rats induced by inhibition of nitric oxide synthase.
Materials and methods: endothelial dysfunction was caused by administration of Nω-nitro-L-arginin solution during gestation in pregnant rats. Study drugs: essential phospholipids and the reference drug molsidomine. The effect of treatment was evaluated by a blood pressure value, level of protein in urine and morphological study of kidney tissue.
Results: essential phospholipids in liposomal form have significantly decreased high blood pressure, diminished proteinuria and normalized the morphological structure of kidney tissue in pregnant rats.
Summary: nephroprotective effect of essential phospholipids liposomal form in endothelial dysfunction was found.

Purpose: to improve the surgical treatment outcomes in children with right-sided congenital diaphragmatic hernias (RCDH).
Materials and methods. An anatomical experimental study included filing vena cava inferior and hepatic veins with barium suspense was carried out in 4 children’s corps: with RCDH (2) and the control – without RCDH (2). An X-ray vasographic comparison was performed. Carrying out a clinical part of investigation, two groups of patients were compared: operated till 2008 (22 children) when forced replacement of liver under the diaphragm with its followed closure above the liver, and operated after 2008 (11 children) with partial closure of a diaphragmatic defect up to the liver and followed diaphragmaplasty with synthetic lattice. Clinical and X-ray examinations were performed then.
Results. An anatomic research revealed that hepatic veins in RCDH corps were situated upper than in control corps in ½ or 1 thoracic vertebra. In the first group children lethal outcomes was in 9 patients (40.9%), in second group there were no any lethal outcomes.
Summary: 1. RCDH must be considered as an intrathoracic liver ectopic position. 2. There is rational to use transthoracic approach in children with such a pathology.

Purpose: to clarify the biochemical mechanisms of their development and the possible predictors of the formation of hemorrhagic component.
Materials and methods. For this purpose the parameters of proteolytic (total trypsin-like activity of plasma and plasmin) and anti-proteolytic (A2-macroglobulin and A1-antitripsin) activity of plasma were investigated by biochemical methods in patients with different forms of RLE.
Results. The study revealed the significant elevation of the overall trypsin-like activity of blood plasma at the early stages of the disease in patients with more severe disease. Activation of plasmin and reduced activity of A2-macroglobulin make a significant contribution to the formation of this parameter. This was most evident in the subsequent development of hemorrhagic forms of the disease.
Summary. These changes reflect the biochemical aspects of the pathogenesis of the disease, can serve as predictors of severe hemorrhagic forms and basis for optimization of therapy at an earlier stage of the disease.

Purpose: To estimate the appearance frequency of metabolic syndrome (MS) markers at teenagers with essential arterial hypertension (EAH) and biliary dyskinesia to reveal its importance as risk factors of this nosologic syntropy.
Materials and Methods: 50 teenagers at the age from 13 to 16 years were examined. Level of glucose, uric acid, cholesterol (ChS), ChS of high density lipoproteins (HDL), ChS of low density lipoproteins (LDL) and ChS of very low density lipoproteins (VLDL), concentration of triacylglycerides (TAG), the level of Willibrandt factor, the cortisol level were estimated in the serum of blood of all examined teenagers (on the empty stomach)
Results: Momomarkers of MS were found at 38 teenagers with EAH and biliary dyskinesia, that consisted 76% among all examined teenagers.
Summary: Teenagers with biliary dyskinesia on the early steps of EAH formation had both and monomarkers of MS and their combination.

Purpose: to study activity of lysozyme in the blood of month rats after acute somatic pain.
Materials and methods: Experiments were conducted on white month non-linear rats. Acute somatic pain (4-5 levels of intensity) was simulated by electrocutaneous stimulation of the receptor zone of the root of the tail. The animals were decapitated and blood sampling was carried out to study the activity of lysozyme by nephelometric method after the acute somatic pain.
Results: Lysozyme activity of intact month old rats which determined in the blood serum, is higher than in infants in the initial state.
Summary: Lysozyme reaction to acute somatic pain in month old rats has a phase character: its activity increases, decreases and increases again.

Purpose: To evaluate the catamnesis of 120 patients with spastic form of cerebral palsy.
Materials and methods: It was studied obstetric-gynecological anamnesis and rehabilitation of 120 patients with spastic form of cerebral  palsy of the closed administrative territorial entity Seversk.
Results: The risk factors of patients with cerebral palsy in Seversk did not differ in comparison with the average data for the Russian Federation.
Summary: The main cause of disability among the examined patients with cerebral palsy of Seversk city was an extremly low and very low body weight, combined with the evaluation on  Apgar scale 4-5 points and below.

Purpose: identification of relative volume of morphological components constituting the manubrium of sternum in early childhood.
Materials and methods: we used stereo morphometry to analyze the histologic specimens from the manubrium of sternum of five infant patients after esophagoplasty.
Results: the study revealed histotopographic peculiarities in the structure of the front and back areas of the manubrium of sternum.
Summary: relative volume of the presternal morphological components in the infants was distributed as follows: 35±2,7% of hyaline cartilage, 28±2,6% coarse-fibered bone tissue, foci of red bone marrow - 16±1,1%, and microcirculatory blood vessels - 11±0,9%.

Purpose: The research is devoted to working out and approbation of the scale for defining the level of desadaptation of patients with opioid dependence.
Material and methods: The material under the investigation (264 subjects) shows high indices of validity-coordination, retest validity, convergence validity and the specific character of the methods undertaken.
Results: The scale is an effective instrument in the objective assessment of the complex influence of interconnected factors, their role and informative character in the formation of desadaptation of patients with opioid dependence which influence the course and prediction of the disease.
Summary: The scale for defining the level of desadaptation of patients with opioid dependence which allows diagnosing the level of their clinical and social functioning, defining the impact of various factors on the character and prediction of the disease, which makes it possible to determine the volume and direction of preventive, medical and organization measures.

Purpose: To compare the performance and structure of infant mortality in Russia and Rostov region, as well as the establishment of the general principles of the system of internal controls designed to improve the organization of medical care for children of the first year of life in surgical diseases.
Materials and methods: The infant mortality rate specified in the official documents of the executive authorities was monitored, as well as the analysis of legal acts.
Results: The performance of the Rostov region for the last 8 years above the national average, while the «wavy» character «infant mortality curve» refers to the need to improve organizational measures aimed at reducing child mortality, and therefore the actual allocated for medical organization obligatory components of internal control.
Summary: The decline in infant mortality can be achieved by constructing a system of internal control at the level of the medical organization comprising such components as the control of health care provided for children of the first year of life in surgical diseases caused by defects and developmental abnormalities.

Purpose: to improve retrosternaly conducted artificial esophagus functional properties by manubrium of sternum resection.
Materials and methods: a comparative two groups of children examination was performed: first group (53 persons), retrosternal tunnel was made without manubrium of sternum resection and the second group (38 persons) in which manubrium of sternum was resected during retrosternal tunnel formation. The method of resection was described. An X-ray examinations were used to evaluate the function of new-made esophagus.
Results: in all patients from the first group a colon diverticula over incisure of sternum were developed, which had clinical and X-ray manifestations, impaired functional properties of artificial esophagus. No such a diverticula revealed in children from the second group.
Summary: manubrium of sternum resection in case of retrosternal tunnel formation during esophagoplasty in children excludes the colon compression, colon diverticula formation and improves the food-passing function of new-made esophagus.