The review analyzes literature data dedicated to clinical usage of methods for indirect myocardial revascularization. Opportunities for using of tissues surrounding a heart to improve its’ vascularization effectively and healing of ischemic tissues is discussed. Cell transplantation technologies, which induce angiogenesis consider as perspective direction in complex treatment of patients with ischemic heart disease.

This literature review summarises and evaluates existing data about properties and biological activity of defensins, more particularly about their antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, anticancer, anti-inflammatory activity, their role in the genesis of various diseases, as well as new perspectives for the use of presented cationic antimicrobial peptides in diagnosis and treatment
of different pathologies.

Purpose: antiradical protection system assessment on local level among the patients with bile-excreting ducts obstruction.

Materials and methods: the bile indices in patients with choledocholithiasis have been studied.

Results: antioxidant system potential reducing observed on local level (in bile) has made up 78,3 % in patients with cholestasis and progressive cholangitis. The catalase activity in the bile increased in patients with choledocholithiasis as compared to control values by 1,7 (in the absence of pyoinflammatory complications) and by 5,1 in patients with progressive cholangitis. Superoxide dismutase activity increased by 9,1 as compared to control values in the absence of pyoinflammatory complications and by 14,5 under progressive cholangitis, that proved adaptive changes as well as emerging imbalance in the enzymes activity in antioxidant system (mostly at the expense of dismutase activity) that could be followed by the decrease of the local non-specific resistance, especially in patients with choledocholithiasis followed by inflammatory complications.

Summary: the experiments have demonstrated progressive decompensation of the antiradical protective activity in patients with choledocholithiasis and complicated choledocholithiasis. These indices are considered rational as supplementary indicators for the therapy efficacy estimation.

Purpose: to give characteristic of clinical and immunological features of HIV infection initial stages in parenterally infected children.

Materials and methods: clinical and immunological examination of 100 parenterally HIV infected children to early stages of HIV infection are surveyed.

Results: after the incubation period (stage 1) the stage of primary manifestations 2 (2A in 54%, 2B – in 26%, 2B – in 20% patients), then latent stage 3 in patients developed. Speed of transition to secondary diseases stage 4 is associated with existence of antenatal and postnatal risk groups, HIV infection at chest age, against infectious disease, development and long current of stage 2B, early emergence of lymphoproliferativy and metabolic syndromes, decrease CD4+-lymphocytes count. In chest age HIV infected children, reduction of the incubation period, a heavy and long current of primary manifestations stage 2, fast accession of the HIV-associated symptoms, immunosupression progressing, reduction of latent stage 3 duration were noted.

Summary: research results revealed disease speed progressing factors in children and early stages feature associated with age at the time of HIV infection.

Purpose: study of Remaxol and Cytoflavin influence on homocysteine metabolism and creation of a method for correction of hyperhomocysteinemia development.
Materials and methods: we examined 58 patients with diagnosed acute myocardial infarction with ST segment elevation complicated with acute heart failure according to Killip classification (class II-III). The patients were subdivided in two groups: the first group received traditional intensive therapy while the second group additionally received Remaxol and Cytoflavin. We studied the condition of homocysteine metabolism in connection with various types of intensive care.
Results: we established that the first group even after seven days had homocysteine level consistently higher than in the control group while the second group by the seventh day demonstrated complete normalization of this essential ferment defining the development of endothelial dysfunction.
Summary: intensive therapy of acute myocardial infarction including Cytoflavin and Remaxol decreases the intensity of pathochemical reactions: development of oxidative stress, and completely normalizes homocysteine metabolism.

Purpose: to give a qualitative and quantitative description of border mental disorders in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC). Materials and methods: the study included 72 patients with CHC with the stage of fibrosis F0-F3 in reactivation phase (HCV RNA +). Following tests for evaluation ofborder mental disorders were considered: adapted standardized multifactorial questionnaire for study of psychological personality profileand Beck Depression Inventory. In order to render the clinicpsychopathological symptoms 3-point system scale was used for the quantitative recording of mental changes.

Results: the majority of the patients (77,8%) demonstrated general weakness and fatigue Frequent violations of the CHC were headache (33,3%),vertigo (20,8%), variety of sleep disturbances: increased drowsiness (12,5%), insomnia (19,6%). According to Beck Depression Inventory 31,9% of patients showed clinical manifestations of subdepression, 20,8% - clinically significant depression. 16,7% of patients complained of irritability. 20 (83,3%) out of 24 patients with significant manifestation of the asthenic phenomenon were in the state of mental maladjustment. 14 (58,3%), patients independently interrupted the course of combination antiviral therapy.

Summary: borderline defeat ofpsychic has a disadaptation effect on patients, largely determines the clinical picture of the disease and adherence to treatment.

Purpose: comparative analysis of the effectiveness of permanent cardiac pacing and quality of life in the pacemaker-dependent chronical heart failure patients with different patterns of excitation of the right ventricle.
Materials and methods: we examined 108 patients with hemodynamically significant atrioventricular conduction disturbances and chronical heart failure who underwent permanent pacemaker implantation. All patients were divided into 2 groups depending on performed right ventricle pacing site.
Results: in assessing the electrocardiogram have been improvements in the dynamics of the QRS morphology in patients with alternative para-Hisian site pacing. It was established that the interventricular mechanical delay in patients of the apical group pacing was significantly higher compared with an alternative stimulation patients group. Revealed relatively low exercise tolerance, as well as the lowest values of the physical component of patients health in the apical pacing group.
Summary: the permanent para-Hisian pacing in patients with chronical heart failure can be obtained normal morphology of the QRS complex with reduced ventricular dyssynchrony. Is the preferred alternative method to the apical pacing .

Purpose: to assess the parameters of natural and adaptive immunity to H.influenzae type b in infants to predict the risk of Hib-infection.

Materials and methods: examined two groups of infants: I group- born to women with infections during pregnancy (140 pers.), IIgroup- born to mothers withoutinfections during pregnancy (40 pers.). On monocytes (MNCs) cord blood to determine the level of expression of TLR2, TLR4 and cytokine production (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF) under the influence of polysaccharide conjugate vaccine to prevent infection by H.influenzae type b (≪Act-HIB≫). In umbilical blood serum were determined with ELISA of IgG to H. influenzae type b.

Results: under the impact of the vaccine on cord blood MNCs differences in the level of expression of TLR2 and TLR4 have been identified. Functional activity of MNCs, estimated by the synthesis of IL-1 and IL-6 in the supernatants of cell cultures was higher in I group of children. It was established that the level of IgG antibodies to H.influenzae type b in children I group was lower (p <0.05) than children of II group.

Summary: the low level of antiHaemophilusantisubstance in combination with high activity of prion flammatory cytokines may have important diagnostic and prognostic value and may be considered as a factor predisposing to the development of diseases in neonates and infants caused by H.influenzae.

Purpose: to find sexual features of the onychoschisis based on an analysis of the visual inspection of the in combination with the determination of alkaline phosphatase activity in serum of patientswithonychodystrophy.

Materials and methods: visual inspection of the nail in 344 patients (age from 18 to 75 years) with onychodystrophy for definition of the onychoschisis, onycholysis, nail hyperkeratosis detecting probability, the probability density histograms identify onychoschisis, onycholysisand nail hyperkeratosis depending on the age range from 10 years, determination of the alkaline phosphatase activity in the serum by hydrolysis of n-nitrophenylphosphate method.

Results: onychodystrophy diagnosis established in 271 women and 73 men; the women of 30-40 years and the men of 40-50 years had maximum probability onychoschisis detection; maximum probability of onycholysis development in the men of 18-40 years and hyperkeratosis with nail dysplasia in the men of 60-70 years are at least 3,7 times frequency of disease compared to the onychoschisis respectively.

Summary: nails violation has the sexual feature in patients and manifesting as onychoschisisin younger age women.

Purpose: to study the effect of cryoprecipitate, keeping percutaneously under ultrasound on cirrhotic liver tissue 22 rabbits. Materials and methods: cirrhosis of the liver in rabbits was caused by subcutaneous injection of carbon tetrachloride for three months.

Results: after receiving 22 the rabbit liver cirrhosis were divided into two groups. To stimulate liver regeneration first group (12 rabbits) was injected into the liver cryoprecipitate second (10 rabbits) -gepatoprotektor. Cryoprecipitate was injected percutaneously into the liver, puncture method under ultrasound, hepatoprotector - subcutaneously. The results were evaluated by performing a liver biopsy under ultrasound guidance. Morphologically proved that under the influence of cryoprecipitate accelerates regeneration of liver tissue, reduced macrophage infiltration LIFO-formed hepatic lobule with the correct beamed structure of hepatocytes. Regeneration processes in the liver accompanied by improvement of the clinical picture of the disease. After the introduction of hepatoprotector reliable morphological and clinical changes were made.

Summary: thus, cryoprecipitate entered puncture method in cirrhotic liver tissue regeneration is a stimulant that improves the clinical and morphological picture of the disease. Keywords: liver, cirrhosis, regeneration, cryoprecipitate, rabbits, ultrasound.

Clinical thinking - the multiple-factor, volume concept consisting in generation of special type of thought process, formed on the knowledge base of practical work. The steady interest based on real ideas of a certain field of activity, approaches the person to his highest requirement – need for self-updating. Psychological testing instead of interview has to be one of conditions of selection of entrants in medical schools. It is necessary to select shots of a certain psychological status for which individually steady requirement – need for achievement is characteristic. It explains persistence of the doctor during work to receive high performance, and not to pay attention to temporary failures.

Purpose: definition of personal and professional motivation to election of a profession of the anesthesiologist-resuscitator by means of test psychometric methods.

Materials and methods: materials of inspection of 149 anesthesiologists are presented. The analysis which has allowed at various levels to reveal developing system of the identity of the doctor from ≪interest to medicine in general to requirement is carried out to be the professional.

Results: the majority of anesthesiologists-resuscitators when electing a profession of the doctor are guided by potrebitelny type of a motivational orientation.

Summary: the persons which have chosen a profession the doctor as the personality, ≪making the social benefit≫, showed high reliable correlations with adaptive abilities and resistance to stress degree. Need of development of the program of psychological maintenance for the purpose of the prevention of a demotivating of deficiency of motivation and self-checking is shown.

Purpose: in patients with portal hypertension develop a system for calculating the density of the vascular anterior wall of the stomach, to determine the optimal zone esophagogastric anastomosis formation.

Materials and methods.: fifty patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension, varying degrees of varicose veins of the oesophagus and stomach, performed an endoscopy and endosonography. Investigation of the body of the stomach, with the definition of the thickness of the front wall, visualization submucosal venous Doppler mode, defined linear and volumetric parameters of vessels.

Results: the system of calculation of vascular density in the tissue was implemented. Indicator of vascular density in tissues is variable and is proportional to the degree of varicose veins, it indicate the smallest area of vascularization.

Summary: system for determining the vascular density of the stomach wall allows an objective approach to site selection forming esophagogastric anastomosis.