Neuropsychiatric features of children with systemic somatovegetative disorders (by the example of atopic dermatitis, bronchial asthma and gastroesophageal reflux disease)

Objective: to study the clinical neuropsychiatric and neuropsychological features of children suffering from systemic somatovegetative disorders.

Materials and methods: the study involved children from 5 to 12 years old with an established diagnosis of bronchial asthma — 108 children; atopic dermatitis — 105 children; gastroesophageal reflux disease — 112 children; the control group consisted of 60 same age healthy children. All children underwent clinical-anamnestic, neurological, psychopathological and neuropsychological research.

Results: the children with systemic somatovegetative disorders have a significantly high incidence of pathogenic factors of central nervous system damage in early stages of ontogenesis (pathology of pregnancy and childbirth). Early sensory and motor deprivation due to somatic suffering aggravates neuropsychiatric deficiency. Neuropsychological disorders were predominantly represented by a violation of the perception of their body, lack of kinesthetic and motor functions, spatial and quasi-spatial representations.

Conclusion: the clinical dynamics of neuropsychiatric disorders in children with systemic somatovegetative disorders corresponds to the dynamics of residual cerebral organic impairment with a stage-age changes of syndromes. The revealed neuropsychological disorders correspond to preferential damage to the first (energy) functional block of the brain.

1. Drachuk TE. Analysis of the prevalence and causal factors of the development of mental disorders in children. Vestnik Soveta molodykh uchenykh i spetsialistov Chelyabinskoi oblasti. 2016;1(1 (12)). (in Russ.)

2. Dubrovina LN, Kaznacheeva LF, Gerashchenko NV. Atopic dermatitis in adolescents: risk factors, trigger factors, and the spectrum of sensitization. Vestnik NGU Seriya: Biologiya, klinicheskaya meditsina. 2009;7(2):108–14. (in Russ.)

3. Rykova SM, Pogromov AP, Dyukova GM, Vein AM. Psychovegetative disorders in patients with functional disorders of the upper gastrointestinal tract and gastroesophageal reflux disease. Eksperimental’naya i klinicheskaya gastroenterologiya. 2003;(4):21–6. (in Russ.)

4. Drakina SA, Perevoshchikova NK. Psycho-vegetative features of adolescents with bronchial asthma. Mat’ i ditya v Kuzbasse. 2012;48(1):3–7. (in Russ.)

5. Retyunskii KYu, Pashinina IYu. Mental functions of preschool children suffering from atopic dermatitis. Ural’skii meditsinskii zhurnal. 2016;(8 (141)):47–51. (in Russ.)

6. Akhparov NN, Kagan AV, Nemilova TK. Gastroesophageal reflux disease in children with neurological disorders. Detskaya khirurgiya. 2015;19(6):23–7. (in Russ.)

7. Marinich VV. Neuropsychological mechanisms of the formation of bronchial asthma in children. Zdorov’e Dlya Vsekh. 2011;(2):15–22. (in Russ.)

8. Retyunskii KYu, Butorina NE. Protracted systemic disorders in childhood (clinic, pathogenesis, therapy). Ekaterinburg: «Ekspress-dizain»; 2005. 208 p. (in Russ.)

9. Biletskaya MP. A systematic family approach to the study of psychosomatic disorders in children with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, bronchial asthma and family psychotherapy. Nevrologicheskii vestnik Zhurnal im VM Bekhtereva. 2011;XLIII(1):14–8. (in Russ.)

10. Panikratova YaR, Akhutina TV. Birth of Russian postnonclassical neuropsychology. Konferentsium ASOU: sbornik nauchnykh trudov i materialov nauchno-prakticheskikh konferentsii. 2018;(2):491–501. (in Russ.)

11. Goldberg E. The Executive Brain: Frontal Lobes and the Civilized Mind. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2002. 251 p.

12. Goryacheva TG, Sultanova AS. Emotional disorders in various neuropsychological syndromes in childhood. Al’manakh Instituta korrektsionnoi pedagogiki. 2006;(9):12–7. (in Russ.)

13. Polonskaya NN. Neuropsychological diagnosis of primary school children: a textbook for students of higher educational institutions. Moskva: Izdatel’skii tsentr “Akademiya”; 2007. 192 p. (in Russ.)

14. Akhutina TV, Matveeva EYu, Romanova AA. Application of the Luriev principle of syndromic analysis in the processing of data from a neuropsychological examination of children with developmental disabilities. Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. 2012;(2):84–95. (in Russ.)

15. STATISTICA (data analysis software system) [Internet]. USA: StatSoft Inc.; 2014. Available from: www.statsoft.com

16. Glants S. Biomedical statistics. Moskva: Izdatel’skii dom «Praktika»; 1999. 460 p. (in Russ.)

17. Luriya AR. Fundamentals of Neuropsychology. Moskva: Akademiya; 2003. 384 p. (in Russ.)

18. Mikadze YuV. Neuropsychology of childhood. Sankt-Peterburg: Piter; 2013. 288 p. (in Russ.)

19. Semago NYa. Methodology for the formation of spatial representations in children of preschool and primary school age: a practical guide. Airis-Press. Moskva; 2007. 112 p. (in Russ.)

20. Semenovich AV. Neuropsychological diagnosis and correction in childhood. Moskva: Akademiya; 2002. 232 p. (in Russ.)

21. Manelis NG. Development of optical-spatial functions in ontogenesis. Shkola zdorov’ya. 1997;4(3):25–37. (in Russ.)

22. Akhutina TV, Pylaeva NM. Overcoming Learning Disabilities. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2012. 123 p.

23. Agris AR, Akhutina TV, Korneev AA. Variants of deficit of functions of the I block of the brain in children with learning difficulties. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. 2014;(3):34–46. (in Russ.)