Results of hemodynamic profile monitoring in pregnant women with preeclampsia

Оbjective: evaluation of the effectiveness of bioimpedance cardiography for the differential diagnosis of hemodynamic profiles in early and late preeclampsia (PE).

Materials and methods: the prospective study included 52 pregnant women: 32 with PE (19 — early, 13 — late) and 20 in the control group. The hemodynamic condition was assessed by bioimpedance cardiography. The statistical analysis was performed in SPSS Statistics 26.0.

Results: it was found that early PE is characterized by a 3.8-fold increase in total peripheral resistance (OPS) (4467.0 vs. 1175.0 din·with·cm⁻⁵, p<0.001), a 2.1-fold decrease in cardiac index (1.58 vs. 3.64 l/min/m², p<0.001) and cardiac minute capacity (MPS) increased 1.8 times (3.53 vs 6.31 l/min, p<0.001), while extracellular fluid volume increased by 18.8% (p<0.001) in early PE. Statistically significant differences in the parameters of all hemodynamic groups of PE from the control were revealed (p<0.05).

Conclusion: bioimpedance cardiography is a simple, non-invasive method for monitoring central hemodynamics and fluid sectors, which makes it possible to effectively differentiate the hemodynamic profiles of PE. The study showed that early PE is characterized by a hypokinetic type of blood circulation with high heart rate and low cardiac output, while late PE is characterized by an increase in cardiac output against a background of normal or even reduced heart rate. Thus, a comprehensive assessment of central hemodynamics makes it possible to optimize risk stratification and ensure targeted prevention and antihypertensive therapy in pregnant women with various PE phenotypes.

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