Epidemiological aspects of organizing HIV screening in southern Russia

Objective: to assess the dynamics of HIV testing coverage, the structure of surveyed populations, and the frequency of detection of HIV markers among the population of Southern Russia. Materials and methods: the analysis of data from federal statistical observation form No. 4 ≪Information on the results of blood tests for HIV antibodies≫ for 2020–2025 was carried out for 15 constituent entities of the Russian Federation, which are part of the Southern and North Caucasus Federal Districts. Results: in the South of Russia, the coverage of HIV screening has increased annually since 2020 and amounted to 34% by 2026. In contrast, the frequency of HIV infection detection decreased by 1.7 times. A significant reduction in the risk-based nature of HIV serological screening was noted, as the proportion of individuals from the most vulnerable groups in the Southern and North Caucasian Federal Districts surveyed with respect to HIV infection was only 2.0Ѓ}0.04% and 1.4Ѓ}0.05%, respectively. However, the HIV detection rate in these population groups is significantly higher than in the general population. Conclusion: targeted risk-based selection of population groups for HIV serological screening is strategically important for ensuring early diagnosis of HIV infection.

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