Results of monitoring natural focal infections in the Rostov region in 2024

Objective: to analyze epizootic and epidemic manifestations of naturally occurring focal infections (tularemia, ixodes tick-borne borelliosis, West Nile fever, Crimean hemorrhagic fever, Q-fever, leptospirosis, yersiniosis, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome) in the Rostov region in 2024. Materials and methods: the studies were conducted in accordance with current regulatory documents. The objects of the study were small mammals, birds, blood-sucking arthropods, environmental objects, and donor blood serum. Studies to find antigens of infectious disease pathogens were conducted using solid-phase ELISA and PCR. Results: The nosological profile of natural focal infections has been determined, which includes six main nosological units: West Nile fever; Ixodes tick-borne borreliosis, Q-fever, Crimean hemorrhagic fever, leptospirosis and tularemia. In a crosssectional seromonitoring study, 754 residual blood serum samples from a conditionally healthy population were tested for the pathogens of the studied infections. As a result of comprehensive epizootological studies, a modern range of small mammals has been established, consisting of 12 species of rodents and insectivores. Conclusion: The analysis of the epidemiological situation in 2024 confirmed the presence of natural foci of dangerous infectious diseases in the Rostov region.

1. Smelyansky V.P., Zhukov K.V., Nikitin D.N., Kargashin S.A., Klimina I.A., et al. Epidemiological situation of natural focal infections in the Volgograd region in 2022. Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2024;21(2):163-170. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.19163/1994-9480-2024-21-2-163-170

2. Chekrygina E.V., Volynkina A.S., Zaitseva O.A., Lisitskaya Ya.V., Tishchenko I.V., et al. Molecular Surveillance of Natural Focal Diseases Causative Agents in the Stavropol Territory in 2016–2021. Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention. 2023;22(4):24-34. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31631/2073-3046-2023-22-4-24-34

3. Lukshina E.Y., Batashev V.V., Kovalev E.V., Karpushchenko G.V., Balakhnova V.V., et al. Results of epizootic monitoring of natural foci of particularly dangerous infections common to humans and animals in Rostov Oblast. Medical Herald of the South of Russia. 2021;12(4):83-90. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.21886/2219-8075-2021-12-4-83-90

4. Pichurina N.L., Moskvitina E.A., Titova S.V., Zabashta M.V., Savchenko A.P. Actual focal infections of viral etiology in the Rostov Region. Glavnyi vrach uga Russia. 2016;(3):7–9. (In Russ.) eLIBRARY ID: 26486849 EDN: WHPXHP

5. Tidman R, Abela-Ridder B, de Castañeda RR. The impact of climate change on neglected tropical diseases: a systematic review. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2021;115(2):147-168. https://doi.org/10.1093/trstmh/traa192

6. Lantsov E.V., Petrov A.V., Moshchenko S.V., Kuzin A.A., Goncharov G.V., Kolosovskaya E.N. The value of laboratory monitoring of dangerous infectious diseases in the aspect of anti-epidemic protection in emergency situations of biological character. Journal Infectology. 2018;10(4):116-123. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.22625/2072-6732-2018-10-4-116-123

7. Smelyаnsky V.P., Zhukov K.V., Borodаi N.V., Nikitin D.N., Tаrаtutinа M.N., Kondrаtenko E.V. The problem of natural focal infectious diseases in the Volgograd Region: A state-ofthe-art review. Public Health and Life Environment – PH&LE. 2021;29(11):83-93. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.35627/2219-5238/2021-29-11-83-93

8. Haselbeck AH, Im J, Prifti K, Marks F, Holm M, Zellweger RM. Serology as a Tool to Assess Infectious Disease Landscapes and Guide Public Health Policy. Pathogens. 2022;11(7):732. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11070732

9. Negodenko A.O., Molchanova E.V., Prilepskaya D.R., Konovalov P.Sh., Pavlyukova O.A., Skrynnikova E.A., Karunina I.V., Fomina V.K., Boroday N.V., Luchinin D.N. Analysis of the Results of Monitoring Arbovirus Infections in the Volgograd Region in 2019. Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention. 2021;20(1):51-59. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31631/2073-3046-2021-20-1-51-59

10. Kovalev E.V., Karpushchenko G.V., Schwager M.M., Polonsky A.V., Sidelnikov V.V., et al. Features of Distribution of the Tularemia Infection in the Rostov Region. Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention. 2017;16(6):37-40. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31631/2073-3046-2017-16-6-37-40

11. Tsimbalistova M.V., Sorokin V.M., Aronova N.V., Anisimova A.S., Pichurina N.L., et al. Biological Properties and Genetic Characteristics of Francisella tularensis Strains Isolated in the Territory of the Rostov Region in 2020. Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections. 2021;(3):134-140. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.21055/0370-1069-2021-3-134-140

12. Putintseva E.V., Udovichenko S.K., Nikitin D.N., Boroday N.V., Koloskova A.Yu., et al. West Nile Fever in the Russian Federation in 2024, Forecast for 2025. Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections. 2025;(1):84-95. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.21055/0370-1069-2025-1-84-95

13. Trishina A.V., Bereznyak E.A., Pichurina N.L., Zabashta M.V., Egiazaryan L.A., et al. Epidemiological monitoring of West Nile fever in the Ros-tov region in 2022. Epidemiology and infectious diseases current issues. 2024;14(2):31-37. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.18565/epidem.2024.14.2.31-7

14. Крымская геморрагическая лихорадка. Под ред. Онищенко Г.Г., Куличенко А.Н. Воронеж: Фаворит; 2018. Onishchenko G.G., Kulichenko A.N., eds. Crimean hemorrhagic fever. Voronezh: Favorit; 2018. (In Russ.).

15. Kovalev E., Erganova E., Ne-nadskaya S., Leonenko N., Goncharova O., Novikova A. Optimization of epidemiological surveillance of particularly dangerous infections at Rostov Region. Glavnyi vrach uga Russia. 2018;(4):6-10. (In Russ.). eLIBRARY ID: 36321788 EDN: YLWLQT

16. Manin E.A., Volynkina A.S., Skudareva O.N., Petrovskaya V.V., Lisitskaya Ya.V.,et al. Crimean Hemorrhagic Fever in the World. Epidemiological and Epizootiological Situation in the Russian Federation in 2024, Morbidity Rate Forecast for 2025. Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections. 2025;(1):48-53. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.21055/0370-1069-2025-1-48-53

17. Onishchenko G.G., Blagovesh-chenskaya N.M., Lomov YU.M., Batashev V.V., Fedorov YU.M., Ajdinov G.T. Epidemiology and prevention of leptospirosis. Rostov-on-Don; 2004. (In Russ.)