Epidemiological situation of natural focal infections in different landscape-ecological zones of the Volgograd region

The article analyzes the incidence of natural focal infections (NFI) in the Volgograd region (VR) for the period from 2015 to 2024, taking into account landscape-ecological zoning. The work uses official statistical data from the Rospotrebnadzor institutions of the VR on NFI over the past 10 years. The main research method is epidemiological analysis. It was found that the incidence of NFI was distributed unevenly across landscape-ecological zones (LEZ). Thus, in the Northern Zone of Chernozem Soils (NZChS), the majority of cases of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) were registered — 57,1% of all cases identified in the VR and 50% of rabies; in the Central Zone of Dark Chestnut Soils (CZDCS), 70% of all cases of West Nile fever (WNF); 69,8% — ixodid tick-borne borreliosis (ITBB); in the Southern Semi-Desert Zone of Light Chestnut Soils (SSDZLCS) — 65,9% of all cases of Crimean hemorrhagic fever (CHF), 28,6% — Q fever; in the Trans-Volga Semi-Desert Zone of Light Chestnut Soils (TVSDZLCS) — 57% of patients with Q fever, 25% — rabies. The minimum percentage of NFI (7,2% of the total number in the VR) was noted in the Northern Part of the Volga-Akhtuba Floodplain (NPVAF), including 14,3% of Q fever and 10% of all cases of WNF in the VR. In some cases, natural foci of infections only partially coincide with the boundaries of the LEZ. In this connection, the need for additional ranking of the territory by epizootological and epidemiological manifestations of NFI has been shown.

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