mvjrМедицинский вестник Юга РоссииMedical Herald of the South of Russia2219-80752618-7876The Rostov State Medical University10.21886/2219-8075-2019-10-4-15-27mvjr-965Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWЭтиопатогенетические аспекты центрального (гипогонадотропного) женского гипогонадизмаEtiopathogenetic aspects of central (hypogonadotropic) hypogonadism in femalehttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6836-6592ЛоктионоваА. С.LoktionovaA. S.

ассистент курса частной эндокринологии при кафедре эндокринологии,

Москва

assistant of Particular endocrinology course, Department of Endocrinology,

Moscow

ann-lok@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3261-7366ИловайскаяИ. А.IlovayskayaI. A.

к.м.н., ведущий научный сотрудник отделения терапевтической эндокринологии, доцент курса частной эндокринологии при кафедре эндокринологии, 

Москва

Cand. Sci. (Med.), heading researcher of the Th erapeutic Endocrinology Department, Associate Professor of Particular endocrinology course, Endocrinology Department,

Moscow

irena.ilov@ya.ruМосковский областной научно-исследовательский клинический институт им. М. Ф. ВладимирскогоРоссияMF Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Scientifi c Research Clinical InstituteRussian Federation2019261220191041527Copyright © Локтионова А.С., Иловайская И.А., 20192019Локтионова А.С., Иловайская И.А.Loktionova A.S., Ilovayskaya I.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.medicalherald.ru/jour/article/view/965

Центральный гипогонадизм (ЦГ) – редкое заболевание, причиной которого является нарушение продукции, секреции или биологического действия гонадотропин-рилизинг гормона (ГнРГ), являющегося главным гормональным регулятором гипоталамо-гипофизарно-гонадной оси у человека. ЦГ у женщин является важной медицинской и социальной проблемой ввиду большого количества бесплодных браков. Этиология данного состояния гетерогенна, и является различной для врожденных и приобретенных форм гипогонадизма. Врожденные формы гипогонадизма имеют генетические причины; на сегодняшний день известно около 50 генов, мутации в которых ассоциированы с ЦГ. В то же время, всего в половине случаев ЦГ удается выявить генетическую основу. Что касается приобретенных форм, их причины разнятся в зависимости от состояния хиазмально-селлярной области (ХСО): при интактном состоянии ХСО можно диагностировать функциональную форму ЦГ, наличие структурных нарушений в этой области говорит в пользу органической причины ЦГ. В данном обзоре изложены современные представления об этиологии и патогенезе центрального гипогонадизма у женщин.

Central hypogonadism (CH) is a rare endocrine disorder caused by the disfunction of production, secretion and/or biological action of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), which is the main hormonal regulator of hypothalamo-pituitarygonadal axis in human. Female CH is important medical and social concern due to large amount of infertile couples. Etiological structure of this condition is heterogeneous and diff ers between congenital and acquired forms. Congenital forms have a genetic predisposition: currently about 50 genes associated with CH have been found. However, genetic basis can be identifi ed just in half of CH cases. Speaking about acquired forms of CH, important to pay attention on hypothalamo-pituitary area condition. In case of intact state the functional form of CH can be diagnosed, the presence of structural disorders in this area speaks in favor of the organic cause of CH. In this review are summarized current knowledge in the fi eld of etiology and pathogenesis of female central hypogonadism.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.