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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mvjr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский вестник Юга России</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Herald of the South of Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2219-8075</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-7876</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Rostov State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21886/2219-8075-2026-17-2-79-87</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mvjr-2156</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИНФЕКЦИОННЫЕ БОЛЕЗНИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INFECTIOUS DISEASES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Причины летальных исходов больных ВИЧ-инфекцией,  не связанных с прогрессированием иммунодефицита</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Causes of deaths in HIV-infected patients not associated with immunodeficiency progression</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0495-3645</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пузырёва</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Puzireva</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пузырёва Лариса Владимировна, д.м.н., заведующая кафедрой детских инфекционных болезней</p><p>Омск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Larisa V. Puzireva, Dr. Sci. (Med.), head of the Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases</p><p>Omsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">puzirevalv@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5809-8053</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баоабохина</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Balabokhina</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Балабохина Мария Валерьевна, врач-инфекционист, заместитель главного врача по профилактической и организационно-методической работе</p><p>Омск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria V. Balabokhina, infectious disease specialist, Deputy Chief Physician for Preventive and Organizational-Methodological Work</p><p>Omsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mbalaboxina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5966-9417</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Антонов</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Antonov</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Антонов Олег Владимирович, д.м.н., заведующий кафедрой педиатрии</p><p>Омск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oleg V. Antonov, Dr. Sci. (Med.), head of the Department of Pediatrics</p><p>Omsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">antonovpdb@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Омский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Omsk State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Центр по профилактике и борьбе со СПИД и инфекционными заболеваниями</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Center for the Prevention and Control of AIDS and Infectious Diseases</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>79</fpage><lpage>87</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пузырёва Л.В., Баоабохина М.В., Антонов О.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пузырёва Л.В., Баоабохина М.В., Антонов О.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Puzireva L.V., Balabokhina M.V., Antonov O.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.medicalherald.ru/jour/article/view/2156">https://www.medicalherald.ru/jour/article/view/2156</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: анализ причин летальных исходов больных ВИЧ-инфекцией с выделением наиболее значимой нозологии для построения прогноза и определения направления профилактических мероприятий.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы: проанализированы сведения по летальным исходам больных ВИЧ-инфекцией за период с 2019 по 2024 г., проживающих на территории Омской области. Исследование ретроспективное, сплошное, описательное. Проводилась оценка многолетней динамики, прогнозирование с помощью регрессионной модели.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты: за анализируемый период отмечена тенденция к увеличению летальных исходов больных ВИЧ-инфекцией. По половому признаку значимых изменений соотношения мужчин и женщин не выявлено. Однако отмечены существенные изменения возрастной структуры умерших в сторону смещения к более старшим возрастным группам. Доля летальных исходов от прогрессирования ВИЧ-инфекции и СПИДа снижается, при одновременном увеличении причин, не связанных с основным заболеванием. Наблюдался рост летальных исходов от заболеваний сердечно-сосудистой системы, желудочно-кишечного тракта, травм, отравлений и внешних причин. Однако при расчёте темпа прироста значимое увеличение отмечено заболеваний органов дыхания и сердечно-сосудистой патологии как причин летального исхода больных ВИЧинфекцией.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение: за анализируемый период существенно изменился возраст и структура причин летального исхода среди больных ВИЧ-инфекцией. Полученные данные позволят разработать и принять обоснованные решения по профилактике соматической патологии у стареющего населения с ВИЧ-инфекцией.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: analysis of the causes of deaths in HIV-infected patients with the identification of the most significant nosology for making a prognosis and determining the direction of preventive measures.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods: the data on deaths in HIV-infected patients for the period from 2019 to 2024 living in the Omsk Region were analyzed. The study is retrospective, continuous, descriptive. The long-term dynamics were assessed and forecasting was performed using a regression model.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: during the analyzed period, a tendency towards an increase in fatal outcomes of patients with HIV infection was noted. By gender, no significant changes in the ratio of men and women were revealed. However, significant changes in the age structure of the deceased were noted towards a shift to older age groups. The proportion of fatal outcomes from the progression of HIV infection and AIDS is decreasing, with a simultaneous increase in causes not related to the underlying disease. An increase in fatal outcomes from diseases of the cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal tract, injuries, poisoning and external causes was observed. However, when calculating the growth rate, a significant increase was noted in diseases of the respiratory system and cardiovascular pathology as causes of fatal outcomes in patients with HIV infection.  </p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions: during the analyzed period, the age and structure of causes of fatal outcomes among patients with HIV infection changed significantly. The data obtained will allow us to develop and make informed decisions on the prevention of somatic pathology in the aging population with HIV infection.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ВИЧ-инфекция</kwd><kwd>летальные исходы</kwd><kwd>сердечно-сосудистые заболевания</kwd><kwd>прогноз</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>HIV infection</kwd><kwd>fatal outcomes</kwd><kwd>cardiovascular diseases</kwd><kwd>prognosis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">GBD 2021 Causes of Death Collaborators. Global burden of 288 causes of death and life expectancy decomposition in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1990- 2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. Lancet. 2024;403(10440):2100-2132. 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