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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mvjr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский вестник Юга России</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Herald of the South of Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2219-8075</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-7876</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Rostov State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21886/2219-8075-2026-17-1-79-86</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mvjr-2145</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АЛЛЕРГОЛОГИЯ И ИММУНОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ALLERGOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Клинико-иммунологические особенности тяжёлого течения острой крапивницы у детей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Clinical and immunological features of severe acute urticaria in children</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5716-4397</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сизякина</surname><given-names>Л. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sizyakina</surname><given-names>L. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сизякина Людмила Петровна, д.м.н., профессор, заведующая кафедрой клинической иммунологии и аллергологии </p><p>г. Ростов-на-Дону </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lyudmila P. Sizyakina, doctor of medical sciences, professor, head of the department of clinical immunology and allergology </p><p>Rostov-on-Don </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">msiziakina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7614-9053</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мальцев</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maltsev</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мальцев Станислав Викторович, д.м.н., доцент, доцент кафедры детских болезней №2 </p><p>г. Ростов-на-Дону </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Stanislav V. Maltsev, doctor of medical sciences, associate professor of the department of pediatric diseases number 2 </p><p>Rostov-on-Don </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">steve30@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4525-1500</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лебеденко</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lebedenko</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лебеденко Александр Александрович, д.м.н., профессор, заведующий. кафедрой детских болезней №2 </p><p>г. Ростов-на-Дону </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander A. Lebedenko, doctor of medical sciences, professor, head of the department of pediatric diseases number 2 </p><p>Rostov-on-Don </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">leb.rost@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ростовский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Rostov State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>79</fpage><lpage>86</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сизякина Л.П., Мальцев С.В., Лебеденко А.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сизякина Л.П., Мальцев С.В., Лебеденко А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sizyakina L.P., Maltsev S.V., Lebedenko A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.medicalherald.ru/jour/article/view/2145">https://www.medicalherald.ru/jour/article/view/2145</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель: выделить клинические и иммунологические маркеры тяжёлого течения острой крапивницы у детей. Материал и методы: обследован 61 ребенок с тяжёлым течением острой крапивницы, клинические методы (аллергоанамнез, индекс активности крапивницы UAS7), иммунологические методы (количественные показатели функционирования клеточного и гуморального звеньев врожденного и адаптивного иммунного ответа), статистический анализ (компьютерная среда R). Результаты: определено, что у 31 ребенка встречалась острая крапивница с тяжёлым течением без установленной причины, крапивница с аллергическим или псевдоаллергическим генезом в виде пищевой гиперчувствительности отмечена у 15 детей, в виде лекарственной гиперчувствительности — у 15 детей. Наследственный аллергоанамнез отягощен у 31 ребенка, личный аллергоанамнез — у 54 пациентов. У 32 пациентов тяжёлое течение острой крапивницы характеризовалось наличием общей симптоматики, у 31 ребенка — развитием ангионевротического отёка. Установлено, что у детей с тяжёлым течением острой крапивницы зафиксировано значимое повышение экспрессии моноцитами TLR2, TLR4 и крайне низкие значения экспрессии моноцитами TLR9, количество NK-клеток снижено, в фагоцитарном звене отмечается отсутствие изменений в показателях спонтанного НСТ-теста при уменьшении адаптационных резервов фагоцитов, повышение уровней лактоферрина, IFNγ, IL-6, IL-17, VEGF-A, TGF-β1 при снижении содержания IL-4. Процессы ранней активации и готовности иммунокомпетентных клеток к апоптозу снижены, как и количество регуляторных Т-лимфоцитов. В гуморальном звене при увеличении количества В-лимфоцитов отмечается снижение уровней секреторного и сывороточного IgА, гиперпродукция IgЕ, накопление ЦИК. Выводы: выявлена связь частоты развития тяжёлого течения острой крапивницы у детей с полом, возрастом и с различными вариантами гиперчувствительности, наследственного и личного аллергоанамнеза. Дисфункциональные изменения компонентов врождённого и адаптивного иммунного ответа у детей ассоциированы с тяжестью течения острой крапивницы и предполагают их ведущую роль в патогенезе заболевания, возможность создания модели для прогноза заболевания.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Objective: to identify clinical and immunological markers of severe acute urticaria in children. Materials and methods: 61 children with severe acute urticaria were examined, clinical methods (allergoanamnesis, urticaria activity index UAS7), immunological methods (quantitative indicators of the functioning of cellular and humoral links of the innate and adaptive immune response), statistical analysis (computer environment R). Results: it was determined that 31 children had severe acute urticaria without an established cause, urticaria with allergic or pseudoallergic genesis in the form of food hypersensitivity was noted in 15 children, in the form of drug hypersensitivity in 15 children. A hereditary allergic anamnesis was found in 31 children, and a personal allergic anamnesis in 54 patients. In 32 patients, severe acute urticaria was characterized by the presence of common symptoms, in 31 children – the development of angioedema. It was found that in children with severe acute urticaria, there was a significant increase in the expression of TLR2 and TLR4 monocytes and extremely low values of TLR9 monocyte expression, the number of NK cells was reduced, there were no changes in the spontaneous test in the phagocytic unit with a decrease in the adaptive reserves of phagocytes, increased levels of lactoferrin, IFNy, IL-6, IL-17, VEGF-A, and TGF-β1 with a decrease in IL-4 content. The processes of early activation and readiness of immunocompetent cells for apoptosis are reduced, as well as the number of regulatory T-lymphocytes. In the humoral link, with an increase in the number of B-lymphocytes, there is a decrease in the levels of secretory and serum IgА, hyperproduction of IgЕ, and accumulation of circulating immune complexes. Conclusions: the association of the incidence of severe acute urticaria in children with gender, age and with various types of hypersensitivity, hereditary and personal allergic anamnesis was revealed. Dysfunctional changes in the components of the innate and adaptive immune response in children are associated with the severity of acute urticaria and suggest their leading role in the pathogenesis of the disease, the possibility of creating a model for the prognosis of the disease.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>крапивница</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>врожденный иммунитет</kwd><kwd>адаптивный иммунитет</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>urticaria</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>innate immunity</kwd><kwd>adaptive immunity</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ogulur I, Pat Y, Ardicli O, Barletta E, Cevhertas L, et al. Advances and highlights in biomarkers of allergic diseases. 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