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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mvjr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский вестник Юга России</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Herald of the South of Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2219-8075</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-7876</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Rostov State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21886/2219-8075-2025-16-4-13-19</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mvjr-2124</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКУШЕРСТВО И ГИНЕКОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Антенатальная смерть плодов при недоношенной беременности. Клинико-морфологические аспекты</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Antenatal fetal death in premature pregnancy. Clinical and morphological aspects</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0361-2785</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фаткуллинна</surname><given-names>Л. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fatkullina</surname><given-names>L. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Фаткуллина Лариса Сергеевна, к.м.н., доц., доцент кафедры акушерства и гинекологии им. проф. В. С. Груздева</p><p>Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Larisa S. Fatkullina, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology named after Gruzdev</p><p>Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fatkullinalara@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5279-2623</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рагинов</surname><given-names>И. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Raginov</surname><given-names>I. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рагинов Иван Сергеевич, д.м.н., доц., заведующий патологоанатомическим отделением</p><p>Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan S. Raginov, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Head of the Pathological Anatomy Department</p><p>Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">raginovi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фаткуллин</surname><given-names>И. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fatkullin</surname><given-names>I. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Фаткуллин Ильдар Фаридович, д.м.н., проф., профессор кафедры акушерства и гинекологии им. проф. В. С. Груздева</p><p>Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ildar F. Fatkullin, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology named after Gruzdev</p><p>Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fatkullin@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5625-4565</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юсупов</surname><given-names>А. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yusupov</surname><given-names>A. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юсупов Амир Русланович, руководитель сектора статистики и IT «OOO Медиа +», студент V курса лечебного факультета</p><p>Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Amir R. Yusupov, Head of the Statistics and IT Sector of OOO Media +, 5th year student of the Faculty of Medicine</p><p>Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">jotgha@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2697-4607</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волкова</surname><given-names>Е. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volkova</surname><given-names>E. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Волкова Елизавета Евгеньевна, студент VI курса педиатрического факультета</p><p>Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elizaveta E. Volkova, 6th year student of the pediatric faculty</p><p>Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lizavolkova0118@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1357-9660</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зайнутдинова</surname><given-names>Э. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zaynutdinova</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зайнутдинова Эльвина Ильдаровна, студент VI курса педиатрического факультета</p><p>Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elvina I. Zainutdinova, 6th year student of the pediatric faculty</p><p>Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mansurova.elvina2015@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казанский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Республиканская клиническая больница</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Republican Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>13</fpage><lpage>19</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Фаткуллинна Л.С., Рагинов И.С., Фаткуллин И.Ф., Юсупов А.Р., Волкова Е.Е., Зайнутдинова Э.И., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Фаткуллинна Л.С., Рагинов И.С., Фаткуллин И.Ф., Юсупов А.Р., Волкова Е.Е., Зайнутдинова Э.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Fatkullina L.S., Raginov I.S., Fatkullin I.F., Yusupov A.R., Volkova E.E., Zaynutdinova E.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.medicalherald.ru/jour/article/view/2124">https://www.medicalherald.ru/jour/article/view/2124</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель: оценка морфологических особенностей плаценты при антенатальной гибели плода (АГП) в сопоставлении с клиническими особенностями течения беременности в различные сроки гестации. Материалы и методы: ретроспективный анализ 270 протоколов вскрытия плодов в сопоставлении с клиническими особенностями течения беременности. В критериях исключения — многоплодные беременности и пороки развития. Морфологическая оценка проводилась с помощью макроскопии (масса, размеры плаценты), гистологии (срезы, гематоксилином/эозином, микроскопия 10Х, 40Х). Статистическая обработка осуществлялась с помощью MedCalc, GraphPad Prism 8, Excel, ROC-анализа, t-критерий Стьюдента, корреляция Пирсона (p&lt;0,05). Результаты: установлено, что частота случаев АГП составляла: 41,85% в 22–27,6 недель, 27,41% в 28–33,6 недель, 18,15% в 34–36,6 недель, 12,59% в сроках ≥37 недель. Гиперплазия плаценты чаще наблюдалась на ранних сроках (54%), гипоплазия — на поздних (56%). Данные ПцПК не прогнозирует развитие ХПН (AUC=0,52, p=0,648) и воспаления (AUC=0,559, p=0,169). Наблюдается обратная корреляция ПцПК и срока гестации (rxy=-0,66, p&lt;0,001). При этом ХПН достигала пика в 34–36,6 недель (66,7%), воспалительные изменения — в 22–27,6 недель (47,2%). Заключение: выявлены ключевые закономерности в морфологических изменениях плаценты в зависимости от срока гестации и характера осложнений. Полученные данные подчеркивают необходимость индивидуализированного пренатального мониторинга, профилактики инфекций и коррекции нарушений фетоплацентарного кровотока для снижения мертворождаемости, особенно в группах высокого риска. Дальнейшие исследования должны фокусироваться на дифференциации причин ХПН для оптимизации клинических стратегий.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Objective: assessment of the morphological features of the placenta during antenatal fetal death in comparison with the clinical features of the course of pregnancy at various gestation periods. Materials and methods: a retrospective analysis of 270 fetal autopsy protocols was conducted. Exclusion criteria included multiple pregnancies and congenital anomalies. Morphological assessment involved macroscopic examination (placental mass and size) and histology (sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin, examined under 10x and 40x magnification). Statistical analysis was performed using MedCalc, GraphPad Prism 8, and Excel, with ROC analysis, Student’s t-test, and Pearson’s correlation (p &lt; 0.05). Results: the incidence of AFD was 41.85% at 22–27/6 weeks, 27.41% at 28–33/6 weeks, 18.15% at 34–36/6 weeks, and 12.59% at ≥37 weeks. Placental hyperplasia was more frequent at early gestations (54%), while hypoplasia predominated at later terms (56%). PFC showed no prognostic value for CPI (AUC = 0.52, p = 0.648) or inflammation (AUC = 0.559, p = 0.169). An inverse correlation was observed between PFC and gestational age (rxy = -0.66, p &lt; 0.001). CPI peaked at 34–36/6 weeks (66.7%), while inflammatory changes were most prevalent at 22–27/6 weeks (47.2%). Conclusion: the retrospective study identified key patterns in placental morphological changes depending on gestational age. The findings underscore the need for individualized prenatal monitoring, infection prevention, and correction of fetoplacental blood flow disturbances to reduce stillbirth rates, particularly in high-risk groups. Future research should focus on differentiating the causes of CPI to optimize clinical strategies.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>плацентарная недостаточность</kwd><kwd>антенатальная гибель плода</kwd><kwd>осложнения беременности</kwd><kwd>морфология плаценты</kwd><kwd>плацентарно-плодовый коэффициент</kwd><kwd>преждевременные роды</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>placental insufficiency</kwd><kwd>antenatal fetal death</kwd><kwd>pregnancy complications</kwd><kwd>placental morphology</kwd><kwd>placental-fetal coefficient</kwd><kwd>premature birth</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study did not have sponsorship.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Стеценко Н.А., Фаткуллина И.Б. 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