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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mvjr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский вестник Юга России</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Herald of the South of Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2219-8075</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-7876</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Rostov State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21886/2219-8075-2022-13-3-21-31</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mvjr-1592</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПСИХИАТРИЯ И НАРКОЛОГИЯ. «ДИСКУССИОННЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ ПОЛОВОЙ ИДЕНТИФИКАЦИИ»</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PSYCHIATRY AND NARCOLOGY. «CONTROVERSIAL ISSUES OF GENDER IDENTITY»</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Гендерное несоответствие: клинические, психологические и терапевтические аспекты</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Gender Incongruence: clinical, psychological and therapeutic aspects</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8266-0429</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ягубов</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yagubov</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ягубов Михаил Ибрагимович – доктор медицинских наук, руководитель отделения сексологии трансдисциплинарных исследований.</p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail I. Yagubov - Dr. Sci. (Med.), head of the department of sexology of transdisciplinary researches of the Moscow Research Institute of Psychiatry – a branch of V. Serbsky National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology of Ministry of Health of Russia.</p><p>Moscow.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yaguobov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7710-2935</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Старостина</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Starostina</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Старостина Елизавета Алексеевна - младший научный сотрудник отделения сексологии трансдисциплинарных исследований.</p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elizaveta A. Starostina - junior researcher of the department of sexology of transdisciplinary researches of the Moscow Research Institute of Psychiatry - a branch of V. Serbsky National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology of Ministry of Health of Russia.</p><p>Moscow.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">e.a_starostina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1350-2021</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Добаева</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dobaeva</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Добаева Наида Владимировна - кандидат медицинских наук, научный сотрудник отделения сексологии трансдисциплинарных исследований.</p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Naida V. Dobaeva - Ph.D., researcher of the department of sexology of transdisciplinary researches of the Moscow Research Institute of Psychiatry - a branch of V. Serbsky National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology of Ministry of Health of Russia.</p><p>Moscow.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dona19@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-6342</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ичмелян</surname><given-names>М. A.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ichmelyan</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ичмелян Маргарита Арамовна - младший научный сотрудник отделения сексологии трансдисциплинарных исследований.</p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Margarita A. Ichmelyan - junior researcher of the department of sexology of transdisciplinary researches of the Moscow Research Institute of Psychiatry - a branch of V. Serbsky National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology of Ministry of Health of Russia.</p><p>Moscow.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">margarita.ichmelyan@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский научно-исследовательский институт психиатрии – филиал ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр психиатрии и наркологии им. В.П. Сербского»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Research Institute for Psychiatry – a branch of V. Serbsky National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>09</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>21</fpage><lpage>31</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ягубов М.И., Старостина Е.А., Добаева Н.В., Ичмелян М.A., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ягубов М.И., Старостина Е.А., Добаева Н.В., Ичмелян М.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yagubov M.I., Starostina E.A., Dobaeva N.V., Ichmelyan M.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.medicalherald.ru/jour/article/view/1592">https://www.medicalherald.ru/jour/article/view/1592</self-uri><abstract><p>В последнее время вопросы нарушений гендерной идентичности становятся всё более актуальными и обсуждаемыми, увеличивается обращаемость пациентов с запросом на смену пола. Сложность этой проблематики требует того, чтобы клиницисты были компетентны в оказании помощи трансгендерным людям, так как они порой сталкиваются со многими препятствиями на пути получения помощи в медицинских учреждениях (отсутствие специалистов в регионах, чёткого алгоритма оказания помощи трансгендерам, дискриминация, стигматизация, финансовые сложности). В то же время появляется всё больше зарубежных исследований, посвящённых «детранзишну», то есть «обратной» перемене пола, что может говорить о существующих проблемах в диагностике данных состояний и методах оказания медицинской помощи пациентам с нарушениями гендерной идентичности. Наиболее сложными проблемами при работе с пациентами, испытывающих гендерную дисфорию, помимо выявления истинных причин нарушений гендерной идентичности, являются сохранение фертильности после гендерно-аффирмативных вмешательств, возможные сожаления после произведенных операций, оказание медицинской помощи несовершеннолетним. Изменения в классификации гендерных расстройств, включающие исключение транссексуализма из класса психических расстройств, создает почву для дискуссий относительно клинико-психопатологических и феноменологических особенностей данных состояний. В научном обзоре представлена информация о клинических и психологических аспектах нарушений гендерной идентичности, а также о терапевтических мероприятиях для лиц с этой патологией с использованием мультидисциплинарного подхода. Описаны определённые этапы оказания медико-социальной помощи для снижения рисков и более успешного, профессионального оказания помощи лицам с гендерным несоответствием.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Recently, the issues of violations of gender identity are becoming more relevant and discussed, the number of patients with a request for a sex change is increasing. The complexity of this issue requires clinicians to be competent in helping transgender people, as they sometimes face many obstacles in the way of receiving care in medical institutions: the lack of specialists in the regions, a clear algorithm for helping transgender people, discrimination, stigmatization, and financial difficulties. At the same time, there are more and more foreign studies devoted to "detransition", i.e. "reverse" gender reassignment, which may indicate existing problems in the diagnosis of these conditions and methods of providing medical care to patients with gender identity disorders. The most difficult issues when working with patients experiencing gender dysphoria, in addition to identifying the true causes of gender identity disorders, are the preservation of fertility after gender-affirmative interventions, possible regrets after operations, and the provision of medical care to minors. Changes in the classification of gender disorders, including the exclusion of transsexualism from the class of mental disorders, creates the basis for discussions about the clinical, psychopathological and phenomenological features of these conditions. The scientific review provides information on the clinical and psychological aspects of gender identity disorders, as well as on therapeutic interventions for individuals with this pathology, using a multidisciplinary approach. Certain stages of the provision of medical and social assistance are described to reduce risks and more successful, professional assistance to persons with a gender incongruence.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гендерное несоответствие</kwd><kwd>транссексуализм</kwd><kwd>половая дисфория</kwd><kwd>гендерная идентичность</kwd><kwd>гендер</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>gender incongruence</kwd><kwd>transsexualism</kwd><kwd>gender dysphoria</kwd><kwd>gender identity</kwd><kwd>gender</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Leibowitz S, Annelou LC de Vries. Gender dysphoria in adolescence. International Review of Psychiatry. 2016;28(1):21-35. DOI: 10.3109/09540261.2015.1124844</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Leibowitz S, Annelou LC de Vries. Gender dysphoria in adolescence. 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