mvjrМедицинский вестник Юга РоссииMedical Herald of the South of Russia2219-80752618-7876The Rostov State Medical University10.21886/2219-8075-2022-13-4-45-52mvjr-1531Research Article3.1.22 ИНФЕКЦИОННЫЕ БОЛЕЗНИINFECTIOUS DISEASESСтруктурные белки SARS-CoV-2Structural proteins of SARS-CoV-2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1702-1620ДувановаО. В.DuvanovaO. V.

Дуванова Ольга Викторовна - кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник отдела микробиологии холеры и других острых кишечных инфекций.

Ростов-на-Дону, 344002

SPIN-4448-7140

Olga V. Duvanova - Cand. Sci. (Bio.), Senior Researcher of the Department of Microbiology of Cholera and Other Acute Intestinal Infections, Rostov-on-Don Anti-Plague Institute of Rospotrebnadzor.

Rostov-on-Don

olga_duvanova@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4059-2878ЧемисоваО. С.ChemisovaO. S.

Чемисова Ольга Сергеевна – кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, заведующая отделением Музея живых культур с Центром патогенных для человека холерных вибрионов.

Ростов-на-Дону, 344002

Olga S. Chemisova - Cand. Sci. (Bio.),  V.N.S., Head of department. Museum of Living Cultures with the Center of Cholera Vibrions Pathogenic to Humans Rostov-on-Don Anti-Plague Institute of Rospotrebnadzor.

Rostov-on-Don

chemisova_os@antiplague.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0550-2221НосковА. К.NoskovA. K.

Носков Алексей Кимович – кандидат медицинских наук, директор.

Ростов-на-Дону, 344002

Alexey K. Noskov - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Director, Rostov-on-Don Anti-Plague Institute of Rospotrebnadzor.

Rostov-on-Don

Ростовский-на-Дону противочумный институтРоссияRostov-on-Don Research Institute for Plague ControlRussian Federation2022311220221344552Copyright © Дуванова О.В., Чемисова О.С., Носков А.К., 20232023Дуванова О.В., Чемисова О.С., Носков А.К.Duvanova O.V., Chemisova O.S., Noskov A.K.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.medicalherald.ru/jour/article/view/1531

В обзоре изложена основная информация, имеющаяся в литературе, о структурных белках SARS-CoV-2 (S;N;E;M). Обсуждены вопросы, затрагивающие значимость этих белков в патогенезе, адаптации и жизненном цикле вируса. Структурные полифункциональные белки являются биомаркерами повышенной контагиозности и патогенности SARS-CoV-2, формируя его патогенетический и адаптационный потенциал. Полифункциональность структурных белков  нового коронавируса позволяет ему быстро отвечать на флуктуации условий существования через использование альтернативных подходов для реализации механизмов, лежащих в основе его патогенетического потенциала. В настоящее время активно изучается структура, свойства, функции и роль структурных белков SARS-CoV-2, что является актуальным вектором исследования, позволяющим расшифровать механизмы, лежащие в основе его высокой контагиозности, патогенности, адаптации, а в перспективе оценить возможные пути образования его новых вариантов и разработать стратегию и тактику экстренного реагирования при появлении новых штаммов. Отмечена перспективность дальнейшего изучения структуры и свойств структурных белков для решения  приоритетных задач настоящего времени по созданию современных отечественных вакцин и эффективных методов диагностики, лечения и профилактики нового коронавируса. Проанализированы литературные источники из различных баз данных электронных библиотек, таких как PubMed, e-library, КиберЛенинка и др.

The review presents the basic information available in the literature on the structural proteins of SARS-CoV-2 (S;N;E;M). Issues affecting the importance of these proteins in the pathogenesis, adaptation and life cycle of the virus are discussed. Structural multifunctional proteins are biomarkers of increased contagiousness and pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2, forming its pathogenetic and adaptive potential. The multifunctionality of the structural proteins of the new coronavirus allows it to respond quickly to fluctuations in the conditions of existence through the use of alternative approaches to implement the mechanisms underlying its pathogenetic potential. Currently, the structure, properties, functions and role of structural proteins of SARS-CoV-2 are being actively studied, which is an actual vector of research that allows us to decipher the mechanisms underlying its high contagiousness, pathogenicity, adaptation, and in the future to evaluate possible ways of forming its new variants and develop a strategy and tactics of emergency response when it appears new strains.

The prospects of further study of the structure and properties of structural proteins for solving the priority tasks of the present time on the creation of modern domestic vaccines and effective methods of diagnosis, treatment and prevention of a new coronavirus are noted.

The authors analyzed scientific publications from various databases of electronic libraries, such as PubMed, e-library, CyberLeninka, etc.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.