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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mvjr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский вестник Юга России</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Herald of the South of Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2219-8075</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-7876</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Rostov State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21886/2219-8075-2020-11-3-15-19</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mvjr-1078</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Механизмы нарушения фертильности у женщин с ожирением</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Mechanisms of fertility disorders in obese women</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4874-7835</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волкова</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volkova</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Волкова Наталья Ивановна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор проректор по научной работе, заведующая кафедрой внутренних болезней № 3</p><p>Ростов-на-Дону</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia I. Volkova, Dr.Sci. (Med.) Professor, Head of Department of Internal Medicine №3</p><p>Rostov-on-Don</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dim3.rostgmu@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5838-4383</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дегтярева</surname><given-names>Ю. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Degtyareva</surname><given-names>Yu. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дегтярева Юлия Сергеевна, аспирант кафедры внутренних болезней № 3</p><p>Ростов-на-Дону</p><p>eLibrary SPIN: 8935-5325</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuliya S. Degtyareva, Postgraduate Student, Department of Internal Medicine №3</p><p>Rostov-on-Don</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">i.s.degtiareva@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ростовский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Rostov State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>09</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>15</fpage><lpage>19</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Волкова Н.И., Дегтярева Ю.С., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Волкова Н.И., Дегтярева Ю.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Volkova N.I., Degtyareva Y.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.medicalherald.ru/jour/article/view/1078">https://www.medicalherald.ru/jour/article/view/1078</self-uri><abstract><p>Ожирение — распространенная проблема среди женщин репродуктивного возраста. Известно, что избыточная масса тела оказывает негативное влияние на фертильность женщины. Так, женщины репродуктивного возраста с ожирением могут столкнуться с нарушением менструального цикла, патологией эндометрия и, в конечном счете, бесплодием. Патогенетические механизмы нарушения репродуктивной функции при ожирении остаются активно изучаемыми вопросами. Установлено, что лептин, синтезируемый жировой тканью, ингибирует гранулезу, клеточный стероидогенез и вмешивается в процесс овуляции, что напрямую может оказывать влияние на репродуктивную функцию. Инсулинорезистентность и компенсаторная гиперинсулинемия, которые сопровождают ожирение у женщин, могут способствовать нарушениям менструального цикла, овуляции и, в конечном счете, фертильности. Ожирение также характеризуется состоянием «относительного функционального гиперандрогенизма», которое может влиять на функцию яичников, способствуя развитию бесплодия. Более того, ожирение характеризуется состоянием гипосоматотропинизма, которое может влиять на фертильность, посредством изменения функции яичников и эндометрия. Потеря веса, вероятнее всего, способна восстановить фертильность в большинстве случаев, но нет практических указаний, которые бы помогли клиницисту выбрать наилучший метод по снижению массы тела из увеличения физической активности, диетических ограничений, медикаментозной терапии и бариатрической хирургии. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Obesity is a common problem among women of reproductive age. Overweight is known to negatively affect a woman’s fertility. So, women of reproductive age who are obese may experience menstrual irregularities, endometrial pathology and, ultimately, infertility. The pathogenetic mechanisms of reproductive dysfunction in obesity remain actively studied issues. It was established that leptin synthesized by adipose tissue inhibits granulosis, cell steroidogenesis and interferes with the ovulation process, which can directly affect reproductive function. Insulin resistance and compensatory hyperinsulinemia, which accompany obesity in women, can contribute to menstrual irregularities, ovulation and, ultimately, fertility. Obesity is also characterized by a state of «relative functional hyperandrogenism», which can affect ovarian function, contributing to the development of infertility. Moreover, obesity is characterized by a state of hyposomatotropinism, which can affect fertility, through changes in ovarian and endometrial function. Weight loss is most likely able to restore fertility in most cases, but there are no practical guidelines that would help the clinician choose the best method to reduce body weight from increased physical activity, dietary restrictions, drug therapy and bariatric surgery.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ожирение</kwd><kwd>нарушение фертильности женщины</kwd><kwd>бесплодие</kwd><kwd>обзор</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>obesity</kwd><kwd>impaired fertility of a woman</kwd><kwd>infertility</kwd><kwd>overview</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Haslam D, James W. Obesity. The Lancet. 2005;366(9492):1197-1209. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(05)67483-1</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Haslam D, James W. Obesity. 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